機場的英文標示其實是最好的文法教材
你有沒有注意過,機場裡面到處都是代名詞?
抬頭看螢幕:"Your gate is B12." 櫃檯人員說:"May I see your passport?" 廣播響起:"Passengers traveling with children, please proceed to your gate." 安檢人員問:"Is this bag yours?"
你每天在機場聽到、看到的這些字——your、yours、this、that、my、mine——全部都是代名詞。它們是英文裡最常被用到、也最常被搞混的東西。
今天就用一趟出國旅程,從報到到登機,把代名詞和所有格全部搞清楚。
第一站:報到櫃檯
所有格形容詞(Possessive Adjectives)
這些字放在名詞前面,表示「誰的」:
| 人稱 | 所有格形容詞 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I | my | my passport |
| you | your | your luggage |
| he | his | his boarding pass |
| she | her | her seat |
| it | its | its wings |
| we | our | our flight |
| they | their | their gate |
報到的時候你會聽到:
"May I see your passport, please?" "Can I check your luggage?" "Your flight is on time." "Your gate is C3. Boarding starts at 2:30."
每句都有所有格形容詞。它們修飾後面的名詞,不能單獨使用。
常見錯誤:
❌ This is
mepassport.(中文影響:「我 passport」)✅ This is my passport.
❌ She gave me
shephone number.(中文影響:「她電話號碼」)✅ She gave me her phone number.
中文說「我的」,英文也說 my。但中文的「她」可以直接修飾名詞,英文不行。She 是主詞代名詞,her 才是所有格。
Its vs. It's
這個在機場也會看到:
"The airline updated its policy." → 它的政策(所有格) "It's a long flight." → It is 的縮寫
一個有撇號,一個沒有。意思完全不同。Its = 它的,It's = It is / It has。
機場公告常常出現:"The airport and its terminals are open 24 hours." 這裡 its 指機場本身。
第二站:安檢處
所有格代名詞(Possessive Pronouns)
安檢的時候你會聽到這句:
"Is this bag yours?"
Yours 就是所有格代名詞。它不修飾名詞,它直接取代「your + 名詞」。
| 所有格形容詞 | 所有格代名詞 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| my | mine | This is mine. |
| your | yours | Is this yours? |
| his | his | That's his. |
| her | hers | The blue bag is hers. |
| our | ours | The window seat is ours. |
| their | theirs | Those bags are theirs. |
用法很簡單:
- This is my bag. → This is mine.
- Is that your laptop? → Is that yours?
- The overhead bin is our space. → The overhead bin is ours.
His 不管是所有格形容詞還是所有格代名詞,長得都一樣。這是一個例外,記住就好。
常見錯誤:
❌ This is
me's bag.(不存在這種說法)✅ This is my bag. / This is mine.
❌ The bag is
my.(my 不能單獨當代名詞)✅ The bag is mine.
第三站:候機室
反身代名詞(Reflexive Pronouns)
候機室的自助吧台你會看到:
"Please help yourself to coffee and snacks."
反身代名詞用在動作回到自己身上的時候:
| 人稱 | 反身代名詞 |
|---|---|
| I | myself |
| you | yourself / yourselves |
| he | himself |
| she | herself |
| it | itself |
| we | ourselves |
| they | themselves |
機場常見用法:
"The door opens by itself." → 門自己會開。 "Please help yourself." → 請自便。 "We ourselves saw the delay on the board." → 我們親眼看到延誤的公告。 "The passengers themselves caused the confusion." → 乘客們自己造成的混亂。
反身代名詞有兩個主要用途:
動作回到主詞身上
- I cut myself. → 我切到自己。
- She introduced herself. → 她自我介紹。
- The machine fixes itself. → 機器會自我修復。
強調語氣(親自、自己)
- I myself don't like flying. → 我自己不喜歡飛。
- The pilot himself made the announcement. → 機長親自廣播。
常見錯誤:
❌ I enjoyed at the airport
myself.(enjoy 不需要反身代名詞,除非是 enjoy myself)✅ I enjoyed myself at the airport. / I enjoyed the airport.(兩個都對,意思略不同)
❌ Please give the passport to
myself.(myself 不能取代 me)✅ Please give the passport to me.
這個錯誤超級常見。很多人覺得 myself 聽起來比較「正式」就到處用,但這是錯的。
第四站:登機廣播
指示代名詞(Demonstrative Pronouns)
廣播響了:
"This is the final boarding call for Flight 207 to Tokyo." "Those are the duty-free shops near Gate B5." "This is your boarding pass. That is your receipt."
指示代名詞分近距離和遠距離:
| 單數 | 複數 | |
|---|---|---|
| 近距離 | this 這個 | these 這些 |
| 遠距離 | that 那個 | those 那些 |
機場場景:
- This is your boarding pass.(在你手上,很近)
- That screen shows your departure time.(在牆上,有一段距離)
- These are your carry-on items.(你面前的東西)
- Those are the gates for international flights.(在遠處的登機門)
This / that 當代名詞 vs. 當形容詞:
- 代名詞:This is my passport.(this 直接取代名詞)
- 形容詞:This passport is mine.(this 修飾 passport)
兩種用法都很常見。
15 句機場廣播裡的所有格結構
廣播的英文有一個特色——句型高度重複。下面這 15 句是我在桃園、羽田、首爾仁川、舊金山聽過的常見版本(順序混雜,不分機場):
- "This is the final boarding call for Flight BR207." → This 當主詞。
- "Would Mr. Lee, passenger of Flight 17, please come to Gate B5?" → 廣播叫人時常見的「of Flight」結構。
- "Passengers with carry-on items that do not fit in the overhead bin, please gate-check yours." → yours 取代 your items。
- "Your flight is now boarding at Gate 23." → 所有格形容詞。
- "Is this bag yours, sir?" → 安檢人員的問句。
- "Those are the duty-free shops on your left." → 指示 + 所有格。
- "Your passport, please." → 縮短的請求。
- "We apologize for the delay. We will keep you updated." → 主詞受詞成對出現。
- "Please proceed to your gate immediately." → 經典指令。
- "Those passengers in rows 23 to 30 may now board." → 指示代名詞 + 範圍。
- "Ours is the queue on the right side." → 罕見但會聽到的 ours。
- "The captain has turned off the seatbelt sign. You may now move about the cabin." → you 重複強調。
- "Your attention, please." → 開場白。
- "Has anyone seen a black wallet? It might not be yours." → yours 出現在否定句。
- "Ladies and gentlemen, welcome aboard. We hope you enjoy your flight with us." → 三句連發,we/your/your。
這 15 句你只要聽過一次,下次出國就會自動辨認。
第五站:機上廣播
人稱代名詞的完整圖
飛機起飛後,空服員廣播:
"We apologize for the delay. We will be serving dinner shortly. If you need anything, please press the call button and we will assist you."
短短幾句話裡就有 we、you、we、you。代名詞是英文的骨架。
完整的人稱代名詞表:
| 主格(做主詞) | 受格(做受詞) | 所有格形容詞 | 所有格代名詞 | 反身代名詞 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | I | me | my | mine | myself |
| you | you | you | your | yours | yourself |
| he | he | him | his | his | himself |
| she | she | her | her | hers | herself |
| it | it | it | its | (its) | itself |
| we | we | us | our | ours | ourselves |
| they | them | them | their | theirs | themselves |
這一整張表在機場裡全部用得到。
實戰:機場報到角色扮演
現在把所有代名詞用在一場完整的對話裡。
場景:你在桃園機場報到
Agent: Good morning! May I see your passport and booking confirmation?
You: Here's my passport. And this is the confirmation on my phone.
Agent: Thank you. Is this luggage yours?
You: Yes, that's mine.
Agent: How many pieces are yours in total?
You: Just these two. This one is my suitcase, and that one is my backpack.
Agent: OK. Your flight departs from Gate D7. Boarding begins at 10:15. Your seat is 23A, which is a window seat.
You: Great. Is the gate far from here?
Agent: It's about a ten-minute walk. You can take the shuttle train — it runs every five minutes. It stops right at the gate.
You: Thanks. One more thing — my friend is flying with me, but her booking is separate. She hasn't checked in yet.
Agent: She can check in at the counter over there. Those counters on your left are for online check-in passengers.
You: Perfect, I'll let her know. Thanks for your help!
Agent: Have a safe flight! Enjoy yourselves!
代名詞標記版
把剛才對話裡的代名詞全部挑出來:
你的(所有格形容詞): your passport, your phone, your flight, your seat, your left 你的(所有格代名詞): yours 我的(所有格形容詞): my passport, my phone, my suitcase, my backpack, my friend 我的(所有格代名詞): mine 她的(所有格形容詞): her booking 她(主詞): she 它(主詞): it runs, it stops 你(主詞): you can take 你們(受詞): yourselves(反身代名詞) 這個(指示): this is the confirmation 那個(指示): that's mine, that one is my backpack 那些(指示): those counters
一趟報到流程,所有格和代名詞全部輪了一遍。
機場常見代名詞句子整理
這些句子你在旅行中一定會遇到:
海關
- "Your purpose of visit?" → 你的訪問目的?
- "It's tourism." → 它是觀光。
- "How long will you stay?" → 你會待多久?
- "I'll stay for five days." → 我會待五天。
免稅店
- "This perfume is popular." → 這款香水很熱門。
- "Is that one cheaper?" → 那個比較便宜嗎?
- "These are on sale." → 這些在特價。
- "Those are limited edition." → 那些是限量版。
- "This one is ours — we just bought it." → 這個是我們的——我們剛買的。
登機
- "This is the boarding call." → 這是登機廣播。
- "Those passengers should go now." → 那些乘客現在應該去。
- "Is this seat yours?" → 這個位子是你的嗎?
- "Yes, it's mine." → 對,是我的。
行李轉盤
- "Is that bag yours?" → 那個行李是你的嗎?
- "No, mine is the red one." → 不,我的是紅色那個。
- "This one looks like ours." → 這個看起來像我們的。
- "It opened itself!" → 它自己打開了!(如果行李箱爆開的話⋯⋯)
隨堂練習:從廣播裡挑所有格
底下 10 句都是機場裡會聽到的句子,請圈出所有格結構(形容詞或代名詞),並判斷是哪一類。
- "Your flight is now boarding at Gate 12."
- "Is this carry-on bag yours?"
- "These are your seats in row 23."
- "The aircraft has finished its pre-flight checks."
- "Those passengers may now proceed to gate B7."
- "It's a long flight, but we'll get you there."
- "The window seat is mine. Take the aisle."
- "Please keep your seatbelts fastened."
- "Have you seen a phone charger? It might be hers."
- "Theirs is the black suitcase near the carousel."
參考答案:
- Your(所有格形容詞,修飾 flight)。
- yours(所有格代名詞,取代 your bag)。
- These(指示代名詞,主詞)、your(所有格形容詞,修飾 seats)。
- its(所有格形容詞,修飾 checks)。
- Those(指示代名詞)。
- It's(it is 的縮寫,不是所有格)。
- mine(所有格代名詞)。
- your(所有格形容詞,修飾 seatbelts)。
- hers(所有格代名詞)。
- Theirs(所有格代名詞)。
這 10 題做完,你大概就抓到所有格在機場出現的節奏了。
文化旁註:桃園、羽田、JFK 的英文差在哪
我在三個機場都飛過,簡單說一下個人觀察。
桃園機場的廣播有雙語版本,先國語再英語,咬字速度中等,英文版本偶爾會聽到句型簡化(例如直接講 "Gate 23" 省略主詞)。地勤人員的英文口音偏標準美式,年輕世代聽得懂基本問答,複雜一點的需求會轉到專門的服務櫃台。
羽田機場的英文廣播帶有日式英文的影子,句法正確但語調平板。值得稱讚的是,羽田的看板英文出錯率非常低,所有格拼法、its/it's 區分都看得出有校稿。服務人員日語優先,英文能力參差,簡單的 "Where is your gate?" 大致沒問題。
紐約 JFK 的廣播速度最快、資訊密度最高。一句話塞進去:航空公司、目的地、登機口、登機時間、走道或靠窗。講話的人來自世界各地,口音五花八門,但所有格的使用反而很一致——大概因為所有格句型簡單,本來就不容易出錯。
這三個機場的英文廣播我都聽過同一句 "Is this bag yours?"——但語氣不同。桃園地勤問得很客氣,JFK 的安檢人員會講得很快像是反射動作。同一句話在不同機場聽起來,意思一樣,重量不一樣。
練習一:填入正確的代名詞
- ______ passport is here. (I → 所有格形容詞)
- Is this seat ______? (you → 所有格代名詞)
- The dog wagged ______ tail. (it → 所有格形容詞)
- The decision is ______. (we → 所有格代名詞)
- She hurt ______ when she fell. (she → 反身代名詞)
- ______ are the gates for domestic flights. (that → 複數指示代名詞)
- He introduced ______ to the crew. (he → 反身代名詞)
- Is this pen ______? (she → 所有格代名詞)
練習二:改錯
- This is me boarding pass.
- Is that bag your?
- The cat cleaned it's paw.
- Please give the ticket to myself.
- Those gate is far from here.
- She hurt her when she fell.
參考答案:
練習一:
- My 2. yours 3. its 4. ours 5. herself 6. Those 7. himself 8. hers
練習二:
- This is my boarding pass.
- Is that bag yours?
- The cat cleaned its paw.
- Please give the ticket to me.
- That gate is far from here.(或 Those gates are far from here.)
- She hurt herself when she fell.
最後的話
代名詞聽起來很小、很無聊,但它是英文裡最常被使用的字。你隨便聽一段對話,裡面至少一半的字都是代名詞。
機場是最好的練習場。每個標示、每句廣播、每次跟工作人員的對話,都在用你今天學的這些字。
下次出國的時候,別只是滑手機等登機。抬頭看、側耳聽,把那些 your、yours、this、that 一個一個挑出來。你會發現,你其實已經在學英文了,只是以前沒注意到。