威威學長|流行文化英文系列
"Friends don't lie."
十一(Eleven)在第一季說出這句話,用的字都不難。lie、friend 你可能早就背過;放進朋友之間的對話,再連到 trust(信任),可以多想想她為什麼要強調「不說謊」。
追劇時碰到熟字,可以多聽一下它怎麼被用;碰到生字,再連著搭配詞或字族一起記。下面借劇中的人物和情境練字彙,教學例句不都是真實台詞,也不代表每個字都一定會考。
一個字可以拉出一整個家族
從劇名裡的 strange 開始。同一個字換了詞性,放進句子的位置也會不同:
| 單字 | 詞性 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| strange | adj. | 奇怪的 | Something strange is happening in Hawkins. |
| stranger | n. | 陌生人 | He's not a stranger anymore; he's our friend. |
| strangely | adv. | 奇怪地 | She was behaving strangely all day. |
| strangeness | n. | 奇怪的感覺 | The strangeness of the town made everyone uneasy. |
strange 的字源可追到拉丁語 extraneus,有「外面的、外來的」意思;extraneous(外來的、無關的)也是同根字。拿「不熟悉」來連起 strange 和 stranger 有助於記憶,但不要因此把每個陌生人都理解成奇怪的人。
Hawkins 小鎮的五組日常高頻字
Will Byers 消失後,朋友們要找人、想計畫,也得決定相信誰。這些情境可以接到下面幾組字。
1. 奇怪:strange / peculiar / weird
三個字都能翻成「奇怪」,差別在語氣。strange 比較中性,peculiar 帶點「獨特到不尋常」的味道,weird 比較口語、主觀。寫的時候想想你是在描述不熟悉,還是真的覺得怪。
2. 計畫:plan / strategy / approach
- strategy(策略):比 plan 更正式、更有體系
- approach(方法):強調「角度」,它也有「靠近」的意思
- outline(大綱):plan 的骨架
- devise a plan(設計計畫):devise = 想出、設計
- carry out a plan(執行計畫):carry out = 執行
搭配詞順便一起記:draw up a plan(草擬計畫)、put a plan into action(把計畫付諸行動)、a backup plan(備案)。
3. 相信:believe / trust / convince
- believe (v.) → belief (n.) → believable (adj.) → unbelievable (adj.)
- trust (v./n.) → distrust (v./n.) → trustworthy (adj.) → trustworthiness (n.)
- convince (v.) → convincing (adj.) → unconvincing (adj.)
用法要注意:believe 後面接 that 子句或直接接受詞。
- I believe (that) he is telling the truth. ✅
- I believe him. ✅
- I believe in him. ✅ 但意思是「我相信他這個人(信賴他)」,跟「我相信他說的話」不同。
4. 情況:situation / worse / escalate
- The situation is getting worse.(情況惡化)
- The situation has escalated.(情況升級)
- We need to address the situation.(我們需要處理這個情況)
- The situation is under control.(情況受到控制)
比較級先記這組:bad → worse → worst。一般比較「更糟」時用 worse,別照規則寫成 badder。
5. 責任:fault / blame / responsible
- It's my fault.(是我的錯)
- It's not your fault.(不是你的錯)
- find fault with(找碴、挑剔)
- at fault(有過失的)
搭配 blame:blame someone for something(因為某事怪某人)、take the blame(承擔責任)、put the blame on someone(把責任推給某人)。
搭配 responsible:be responsible for(對⋯⋯負責)、hold someone responsible(追究某人的責任)。
怪物宇宙:這些字不是只有劇裡用
Demogorgon 是第一季的怪物,名字也出現在 D&D 龍與地下城裡。用它練動詞搭配:face the Demogorgon(面對)、defeat the Demogorgon(擊敗)、escape from the Demogorgon(逃離)。
Mind Flayer 是第二、三季裡的威脅。Flayer 和 flay(剝皮)有關,mind flayer 是帶奇幻色彩的名字,不必把它當成日常用語逐字套用。要練的是 fight(對抗)、protect(保護)、defeat(擊敗)怎麼放進情境。
Vecna 是第四季的反派,本名 Henry Creel,能控制心智、製造創傷幻覺,名字同樣借自 D&D。可以連著記 sacrifice(犧牲)、confront(對峙)、overcome(克服)、destroy(毀滅)。
Eleven 是女主角,本名 Jane Ives。"Eleven" 是她在 Hawkins Lab 的代號。想練跟讀,可以先從她較短的台詞下手,聽字之外也留意停頓。
Upside Down 的秘密:dimension / parallel / portal
劇中的「顛倒世界」(Upside Down)可以拿來理解平行維度、入口和邊界。看這幾組搭配:
- dimension(維度):We live in a three-dimensional world.
- parallel(平行的):parallel lines(平行線)、parallel universe(平行宇宙)
- portal(入口、傳送門):The portal connects two worlds.
- boundary(邊界):the boundary between our world and the Upside Down
- gap(差距、缺口):a gap between two dimensions
怪物來了:creature / emerge / threaten
Creature 是「生物」的統稱,比 animal 更廣,怪物也算。搭配一起記:
- emerge(出現):A strange creature emerged from the shadows.
- threaten(威脅):The creature threatens the entire town.
- lurk(潛伏):Something is lurking in the darkness.
- invade(入侵):The creatures are invading our world.
犧牲與勇氣:sacrifice / courage / survive
碰到角色冒險救人的場景,可以把下面的動作和感受放在一起記:
- sacrifice(犧牲):He made the ultimate sacrifice.(他做出了最大的犧牲)
- courage(勇氣):It takes courage to face the unknown.
- survive(存活):Will survived in the Upside Down.
- endure(忍受、撐過去):We must endure the pain.
- brave(勇敢的):She's the bravest person I know.
courage 的字源可追到拉丁語 cor(心)。把 encourage(鼓勵)想成「給人勇氣」、discourage(使氣餒)想成「讓人失去信心」,可以當記憶聯想,不用逐字翻成把心給出去或拿走。
友誼與忠誠:loyalty / bond / betray
友誼也是劇裡反覆出現的主題。下面這些字,可以拿來寫朋友之間的信任與衝突:
- loyalty(忠誠):Loyalty is the foundation of friendship.
- bond(連結、羈絆):The bond between them is unbreakable.
- betray(背叛):He felt betrayed by his best friend.
- devoted(忠誠的、投入的):She is devoted to her friends.
- trustworthy(值得信賴的):A trustworthy friend is hard to find.
長大這件事:mature / innocent / aware
這幾個小鬼頭從第一季演到第四季,觀眾看著他們長大。高中階段正好也是「不再是小孩」的過渡期:
- mature(成熟的):He's more mature now.
- innocent(天真的、無辜的):She was innocent; she didn't know what she was getting into.
- aware(察覺到的):Are you aware of the danger?
- realize(意識到):I realized that things would never be the same.
- grow up(長大):It's time to grow up.
80 年代俚語:聽得懂就多一層味道
這部劇設定在 1980 年代的美國小鎮,所以會出現一批現在聽起來有點老派、但其實很道地的字。
Rad(adj.):超酷的、超讚的,是 radical 的縮寫用法。
Bogus(adj.):假的、遜的。先看角色是在質疑真假,還是在嫌一件事很差。
Totally(adv.):完全地、超級的。口語裡可以用來加強語氣。
Dude(n.):兄弟、老兄。這是熟人間的口語稱呼,要看關係和場合,別當成對誰都合適的稱呼。
Far out(phr.):太狂了、太玄了。字面是「離得很遠」,引申為「超出想像」。
俚語先練聽懂,不用急著塞進作文或對話。像 dude,知道角色在叫誰、語氣是在親近還是不耐煩,比直接把它翻成「兄弟」有用。
挑一段重看,對上聲音和字幕
不用一次重看整集。先選你有興趣、長度也負擔得起的一段,試著關字幕聽,抓人物在談什麼、語氣怎麼變。聽不懂的地方先記住大概位置。
再開英文字幕,對照剛才漏掉的是生字、連音,還是太長的句子。這次把聽到的聲音和字幕上的字配起來。
最後挑幾句喜歡的台詞跟讀,每句唸三遍:先模仿語氣,再注意口型,最後試著不看字幕說。卡得太厲害,也可以先讀字幕再聽,不必把關字幕當成唯一有效的練法。
練習:寫五句+填空(附答案)
第一部分:寫五句話,用上至少三個劇中字彙(Demogorgon、Mind Flayer、Vecna、Eleven、Upside Down 任選),描述你今天的一天。
示範(別照抄):
- "Monday mornings are basically the Mind Flayer of my week; they drain my energy before I even start."
- "When my Wi-Fi drops during a Zoom call, I feel like I'm trapped in the Upside Down."
- "My little brother is a tiny Demogorgon when he doesn't get his afternoon nap."
- "I had to face my own Vecna today: a stack of ungraded math homework."
- "Like Eleven, I chose to keep my promise even when it was inconvenient."
寫完自己檢查三件事:每句至少 10 個字、至少有一個連接詞(because、but、when、although)、念出來確認你真的會發音。
第二部分:用學過的字完成下面這段短文。
The town of Hawkins was never the same after the first incident. People began to (1)________ that something was deeply wrong. A strange (2)________ had appeared in the woods, and no one could explain it. The children, who were the first to (3)________ the danger, tried to warn the adults, but nobody would (4)________ them.
Joyce knew it wasn't her (5)________ that Will had disappeared, but she couldn't help feeling responsible. She (6)________ a plan to find her son, no matter what it took. Hopper, the town's police chief, had the (7)________ to face the unknown, even when everyone else was too afraid.
Meanwhile, Eleven had to make a difficult (8). She could stay with her friends, or she could protect them by leaving. The (9) between her and Mike was strong, but she knew that staying would only (10)________ the people she loved.
In the end, they all learned one thing: growing up means facing the truth, even when the truth is (11)________ than you ever imagined.
答案與解析
- realize:意識到。後面接 that 子句。
- creature:生物。用 strange 修飾。
- detect:偵測到,這是本題補充的字。比 find 更正式。
- believe:相信。前面有 would,所以後面接原形;和主詞 nobody 無關。
- fault:錯。It wasn't her fault = 不是她的錯。
- devised:設計出。devise a plan = 設計計畫,這裡用過去式。
- courage:勇氣。have the courage to V = 有勇氣去做某事。
- sacrifice:犧牲。make a sacrifice = 做出犧牲。
- bond:羈絆。the bond between A and B。
- threaten:威脅。would 後面接原形。
- worse:更糟的。bad 的比較級。
換詞性時可以查這張表
| 核心字 | 名詞 | 形容詞 | 副詞 | 反義 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| believe | belief | believable | 無 | unbelievable |
| strange | strangeness | strange | strangely | familiar |
| courage | courage | courageous | courageously | cowardice |
| survive | survival | 無 | 無 | 無 |
| mature | maturity | mature | maturely | immature |
| responsible | responsibility | responsible | responsibly | irresponsible |
| loyal | loyalty | loyal | loyally | disloyal |
| aware | awareness | aware | 無 | unaware |
| threaten | threat | threatening | threateningly | 無 |
| betray | betrayal | 無 | 無 | 無 |
下次看 Netflix,先抓一兩個熟字就好。例如挑 trust,記下它後面接什麼,以及說話的人為什麼需要對方相信。
看完再用那個搭配寫自己的句子。寫不出來就回去聽原句,看看卡住的是意思、詞性,還是後面的搭配。