威威學長|國中英文底層邏輯講義 · 第 25 講(全套 26 講)
📚 系列總覽:26 講全套地圖|⬅️ 上一講:第 24 講 祈使句、感嘆句與 It 虛主詞|➡️ 下一講:第 26 講 連接詞進階+used to / had better
哈囉,各位同學!威威學長的進階補丁第五彈! 這一講我們要學會表達「程度」和「目的」的句型。中文說「太難做不到」「足夠聰明能解決」「為了考好而讀書」,這些在英文裡有專門的公式:too...to、enough to、so...that、in order to、so that。它們是寫作的「加分句型」,學會後你的英文立刻變高級!
核心觀念一:too...to 與 enough to(程度的兩端)
這兩個句型是一對「反義雙胞胎」,都接不定詞 to V,但意思相反:
A. too + 形容詞 + to V(太...以致於「不能」)
👑 黃金公式: too + 形容詞/副詞 + to + 原形動詞(帶有「否定」的意思)
He is too young to drive.(他太小,不能開車。)The box is too heavy to carry.(箱子太重,搬不動。)
B. 形容詞 + enough + to V(足夠...「可以」)
👑 黃金公式: 形容詞/副詞 + enough + to + 原形動詞(帶有「肯定」的意思)
He is old enough to drive.(他夠大,可以開車了。)
🌰 範例解析
例子 1:She is too short to reach the shelf.(她太矮,搆不到架子。)
- 學長邏輯:too + 形容詞 short + to reach。「太矮」所以「搆不到」(否定結果)。
例子 2:He is tall enough to reach the shelf.(他夠高,搆得到架子。)
- 學長邏輯:形容詞 tall + enough + to reach。「夠高」所以「搆得到」(肯定結果)。
例子 3:We have enough time to finish it.(我們有足夠的時間完成它。)
- 學長邏輯:enough + 名詞 time(enough 放名詞前面)。
🔍 即時小測 1(too...to / enough to)
- He is too young drive.(填 to / for)
- He is old to drive.(填 enough,注意位置)
- The box is heavy to carry.(太...,填 too/enough)
- 選出正確的句子:(A) He is enough old to go. (B) He is old enough to go.
- 填入 enough 的正確位置:We have (enough)money(錢)to buy it.
📖 即時小測 1 詳解:
- to。too + adj + to V(太小以致於不能開車)。
- enough。old enough(enough 放形容詞後面)。
- too。too heavy to carry(太重搬不動)。
- (B)。enough 放形容詞後面(old enough)。
- enough。enough money(enough 放名詞前面)。
核心觀念二:so...that(如此...以至於)
👑 黃金公式: so + 形容詞/副詞 + that + 子句(表達「結果」)
He is so tired that he can't walk.(他如此累,以至於走不動。)The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.(箱子如此重,以至於我抬不動。)
學長的超重要對比(會考必考):
too + adj + to V=so + adj + that + 否定子句(兩者可以互換!)- He is too tired to walk. = He is so tired that he can't walk.
🌰 範例解析
例子 1:The story is so interesting that I read it twice.(這故事太有趣了,我讀了兩遍。)
- 學長邏輯:so + 形容詞 interesting + that 子句。
例子 2:He ran so fast that no one could catch him.(他跑得太快,沒人追得上。)
- 學長邏輯:so + 副詞 fast + that 子句。
例子 3:It is too cold to go out. = It is so cold that we can't go out.(太冷了不能出去。)
- 學長邏輯:too...to 換成 so...that,子句加否定 can't。
🔍 即時小測 2(so...that)
- He is tired that he can't walk.(如此...,填 so/too)
- The box is too heavy carry.(填 to/that)
- He is too young to drive. = He is so young he drive.(填兩格)
- 選出正確的句子:(A) He is so tired to walk. (B) He is so tired that he can't walk.
- 選出正確的句子:(A) She is too short to reach it. (B) She is so short to reach it.
📖 即時小測 2 詳解:
- so。so + adj + that + 子句(如此累以致於走不動)。
- to。too + adj + to V(太重搬不動)。
- that ; can't。互換時子句加否定 can't。
- (B)。so...that + 子句(so tired that he can't walk)。
- (A)。too...to + 原形(too short to reach)。
核心觀念三:目的句型(in order to / so that)— 為了...
要表達「為了某個目的」做一件事,有兩種說法:
A. in order to + 原形動詞(為了...)
- 就是 to 的「加強版」,後面接原形動詞。
I get up early (in order) to catch the bus.(我早起是為了趕公車。)- 否定:in order not to(為了不...)
B. so that + 子句(以便...)
- 後面接「完整的子句」(主詞 + can/will/could...)。
I study hard so that I can pass the test.(我用功讀書,以便能通過考試。)
🌰 範例解析
例子 1:I exercise every day (in order) to keep healthy.(我每天運動是為了保持健康。)
- 學長邏輯:in order to + 原形 keep。可省略成 to。
例子 2:He spoke slowly so that everyone could understand him.(他說得很慢,以便大家都能聽懂。)
- 學長邏輯:so that + 子句(everyone could understand)。
例子 3:I left early in order not to be late.(我提早離開是為了不遲到。)
- 學長邏輯:否定用 in order not to。
🔍 即時小測 3(in order to / so that)
- I get up early catch the bus.(為了趕,用 in order to 填動詞前)
- I study hard I can pass.(以便能,後面是子句,填 so that / in order to)
- 選出正確的句子:(A) I exercise in order to keep healthy. (B) I exercise in order to keeping healthy.
- 選出正確的句子:(A) I spoke loudly so that everyone can hear. (B) I spoke loudly in order to everyone can hear.
- 改寫成 so that:I study hard to pass the test. → I study hard so that I pass the test.
📖 即時小測 3 詳解:
- in order to / to。in order to + 原形 catch。
- so that。後面是子句(I can pass)用 so that。
- (A)。in order to + 原形 keep(不是 keeping)。
- (A)。後面是子句用 so that(in order to 不能接子句)。
- can。so that I can pass(子句加 can)。
✏️ 實戰演練 100 題+逐題詳解(訂閱解鎖)
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