威威學長的閱讀教室：學測克漏字攻略

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Section 1：克漏字題型分析 (Cloze Test Analysis)

1.1 什麼是克漏字？

第一篇聆聽文章的空格前面有 is，選項卻同時給了 overlook、overlooked、overlooking、overlooks。光看到熟悉的字根還不夠，你得回頭看：是誰忽略誰？這項技能在句中是「被忽略的」。克漏字就是把這類判斷放進一篇短文裡，選出在文法和意思上都接得起來的答案。

1.2 考點類型

複習時可以用這四類整理錯題。哪一類值得多花時間，要看你實際卡在哪裡；同一道空格也可能同時需要文法和語意判斷。

1.3 常見陷阱

• 似是而非的選項：字本身沒問題，放進這段話卻接不起來。先說出句子需要的意思，再看選項。
• 字義相近的字：preserve 和 conserve 要看保留、保護的對象；affect 和 effect 也要連同詞性一起判斷。
• 時態陷阱：前後時間要對得上，但同一段可以因時間改變而換時態，不能只求每句形式相同。
• 片語搭配錯誤：像 make a decision，decision 認得也不代表前面的動詞能隨便換成 do。

Section 2：解題策略 (Solving Strategies)

2.1 四步解題法

Step 1：先讀全文（不要看到空格就猜！）
        → 掌握文章主旨和語境
        → 了解時態、語氣、主題

Step 2：判斷空格類型
        → 文法空格？（看前後文的時態、單複數）
        → 字彙空格？（看上下文意思）
        → 片語空格？（看固定搭配）
        → 語意空格？（看邏輯關係）

Step 3：看前後文線索
        → 前一句和後一句說什麼？
        → 這個空格應該是正面還是負面？
        → 應該是轉折還是延續？

Step 4：用刪去法
        → 先刪掉確定不對的選項
        → 在剩下的選項中比較

做第 2 篇時，空格後的例子把「壓力下吃零食」換成「出去走走」。我們就能回頭確認前一句在談替換習慣的做法，連接詞也應該是在引出例子。先把兩句的關係說清楚，再看 For example、However、As a result，會比逐個碰運氣有依據。

2.2 判斷空格類型的技巧

Section 3：常考文法點 (Key Grammar Points)

3.1 時態判斷

這些時間詞是提示，不是看到就直接選答案的指令。還要看句子描述的是哪個時間點、持續多久，以及動作是誰做的。像後面的 urban farming initiatives，除了 in recent years，還得判斷這些計畫是被推動的，不能只選對時態就停。

3.2 主詞動詞一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement)

• The list of items is long.（主詞是 list，不是 items）
• Each student has a book.（each + 單數動詞）
• Neither Tom nor his friends are coming.（就近原則）

3.3 關係代名詞 (Relative Pronouns)

3.4 連接詞 (Conjunctions)

3.5 V-ing vs. to V

Section 4：五篇克漏字模擬題 (Five Cloze Test Practices)

這些是教學用模擬短文。少數空格可以有兩種合理填法，答案欄會明列「兩者皆接受」，訂正時請一起比較意思，不當成單選題扣分。

克漏字第 1 篇：The Art of Listening

Listening is one of the most important communication skills, yet it is often the most (1) . Many people believe that they are good listeners, but in reality, they are simply waiting for their turn to speak. True listening requires full attention and a genuine (2) to understand the other person's perspective.

During a conversation, people may miss details because they are thinking about what to say next. Hearing someone's words does not guarantee understanding them. The problem may be that people do not (3) actively.

Active listening involves several key techniques. First, give the speaker your full attention by (4) eye contact and putting away distractions such as your phone. Second, show that you are listening by nodding or using verbal cues like "I see" or "Go on." Finally, paraphrase what the speaker has said to (5) that you have understood correctly. For example, you might say, "So what you're saying is..."

Practicing active listening helps us understand others better and build stronger relationships. In a world where everyone wants to be heard, being a good listener is a rare and (6) skill.

1. (A) overlook (B) overlooked (C) overlooking (D) overlooks 2. (A) effort (B) effect (C) affect (D) afford 3. (A) hear (B) listen (C) sound (D) speak 4. (A) making (B) doing (C) keeping (D) having 5. (A) confirm (B) conduct (C) confuse (D) connect 6. (A) value (B) valuing (C) values (D) valuable

克漏字第 2 篇：The Power of Habit

Have you ever wondered why it is so difficult to break a bad habit? The answer lies in the way our brains (1) information. When we repeat an action many times, our brain creates a neural pathway that makes the behavior automatic. This process is known as "habit formation."

Charles Duhigg, the author of "The Power of Habit," explains that every habit consists of three parts: the cue, the routine, and the reward. The cue is the (2) that triggers the habit. For example, feeling stressed might be the cue that leads someone to eat junk food. The routine is the behavior itself: eating the junk food. The reward is the temporary (3) that the behavior brings.

Understanding this loop is the first step toward changing a habit. Duhigg suggests that instead of trying to (4) the habit entirely, we should replace the routine while keeping the same cue and reward. (5) , if stress causes you to eat junk food, you could replace eating with going for a walk. The cue (stress) and the reward (feeling better) remain the same, but the routine becomes healthier.

Consistency matters, but there is no single deadline for a new behavior to (6) automatic. The time needed depends on the behavior and the person. If a routine is difficult to maintain, make it easier to repeat rather than treating a missed day as proof that you cannot change.

1. (A) process (B) access (C) require (D) behave 2. (A) result (B) signal (C) reason (D) reward 3. (A) pleasure (B) problem (C) pressure (D) process 4. (A) keep (B) form (C) eliminate (D) enjoy 5. (A) However (B) In addition (C) For example (D) As a result 6. (A) become (B) became (C) becomes (D) becoming

克漏字第 3 篇：Urban Farming

As the world's population continues to grow, finding ways to feed everyone (1) an increasingly urgent challenge. By 2050, the global population is expected to reach nearly 10 billion, and traditional farming methods may not be (2) to produce enough food for everyone. This is where urban farming comes in.

Urban farming refers to the practice of growing food in or around cities. This can (3) many forms, from rooftop gardens and community plots to vertical farms that use hydroponic technology to grow plants without soil. One of the biggest advantages of urban farming is that it reduces the distance food needs to travel from farm to table, which means fresher produce and (4) carbon emissions from transportation.

In Taipei, several urban farming initiatives (5) in recent years. Schools have started rooftop gardens where students learn about agriculture while growing their own vegetables. Some restaurants even maintain small gardens on their premises to supply fresh herbs and vegetables directly to their kitchens.

(6) urban farming alone cannot solve the global food crisis, it represents an important step toward more sustainable and resilient food systems. By bringing food production closer to where people live, we can create healthier communities and a healthier planet.

1. (A) become (B) became (C) is becoming (D) has become 2. (A) able (B) capable (C) possible (D) available 3. (A) make (B) take (C) give (D) have 4. (A) higher (B) bigger (C) lower (D) farther 5. (A) launched (B) have launched (C) have been launched (D) were launching 6. (A) Although (B) Because (C) Therefore (D) Moreover

克漏字第 4 篇：The Lost Art of Handwriting

In today's digital age, most people type on keyboards or tap on screens rather than write by hand. While technology has made communication faster and more (1) , some researchers worry that the decline of handwriting may have negative effects on learning and memory.

Taking notes by hand can be (2) effective than copying a lecture word for word on a laptop, because slower writing encourages students to (3) the information and summarize it in their own words. The benefit depends on how students take notes; typing a thoughtful summary can also involve active processing.

Handwriting practice combines letter recognition with control of a pencil. Learning to form letters gives children practice in both tasks. The movement (4) muscles in the fingers and hand, while the child has to remember how each letter is formed.

Despite these benefits, many schools are (5) less time to handwriting instruction. Some education systems have even removed cursive writing from their curricula entirely. This trend (6) concern among educators who believe that handwriting is a fundamental skill that should not be abandoned.

1. (A) convenient (B) difficult (C) expensive (D) dangerous 2. (A) much (B) more (C) most (D) less 3. (A) copy (B) memorize (C) process (D) ignore 4. (A) activates (B) creates (C) damages (D) destroys 5. (A) devoting (B) leaving (C) wasting (D) saving 6. (A) has raised (B) has risen (C) has arisen (D) has increased

克漏字第 5 篇：Volunteer Tourism

Volunteer tourism, or "voluntourism," has become (1) popular in recent years. Many young people choose to spend their vacations helping others in developing countries, building schools, teaching English, or working in orphanages. While the intention behind this trend is (2) , critics argue that voluntourism may sometimes do more harm than good.

One major concern is that short-term volunteer projects can create (3) on outside help within local communities. If a project relies entirely on visiting volunteers, its services may stop when they leave. Local workers may also lose job opportunities. For example, a group of volunteers building a school might take work away from local construction workers who need the (4) . Additionally, volunteers may lack the skills needed for their tasks, which can lead to poorly constructed buildings or ineffective teaching.

Another problem is the "orphanage tourism" phenomenon. In some countries, orphanages have been set up (5) to attract volunteers and their donations. Children in these facilities may not actually be orphans; they may have been separated from their families simply to generate income from well-meaning tourists.

Volunteer tourism can create positive change when it is done (6) , with proper training, long-term commitment, and genuine respect for local communities. The key is to do thorough research before signing up and to choose organizations that prioritize the needs of the local community over the experience of the volunteer.

1. (A) increase (B) increasingly (C) increased (D) increasing 2. (A) noble (B) negative (C) neutral (D) narrow 3. (A) benefit (B) progress (C) dependence (D) improvement 4. (A) experience (B) income (C) education (D) vacation 5. (A) eventually (B) fortunately (C) specifically (D) accidentally 6. (A) quickly (B) cheaply (C) responsibly (D) secretly

Section 5：訂正時，把判斷依據留下來

從錯題中各挑一個文法空格、一個語意空格，先寫理由，再用下面幾項檢查：

• 我能做到「先讀全文再作答」，不看到空格就猜
• 我能判斷空格考的是文法、字彙、片語還是語意
• 我能利用前後文線索判斷答案
• 我能使用刪去法提高正確率
• 我熟悉常考的時態、主詞動詞一致、連接詞等文法點

重做第 2 篇的連接詞空格時，把選項先遮住，直接說明散步那句和前一句的關係。若你能先說出「這是在示範替換習慣的方法」，再選 For example，就有自己的判斷依據；不用把整篇逐字背起來。