Section 1：Text Completion (TC) Format
1.1 題目結構
TC-1 的外交官刻意不表態，後半句 designed to avoid committing to any specific position 已經在解釋空格的意思。先讀懂這段，你就有理由去找「模稜兩可」的字。Text Completion（TC，文本填空）會給一段文字、一到三個空格，各格都要依上下文選答案。
| 類型 | 空格數 | 每格選項數 | 計分 |
|---|---|---|---|
| One-Blank TC | 1 | 5 | 一格全對才得分 |
| Two-Blank TC | 2 | 每格3個 | 兩格全對才得分 |
| Three-Blank TC | 3 | 每格3個 | 三格全對才得分 |
1.2 答題流程
Step 1: 讀完整段文字（不要先看選項）
Step 2: 根據上下文預測空格的意思
Step 3: 找出文中的線索詞（clue words）
Step 4: 看選項，找出符合預測的答案
Step 5: 代入驗證，確保邏輯通順
1.3 常見線索類型
| 線索類型 | 信號詞 | 作用 |
|---|---|---|
| 轉折 | however, yet, although, despite, nevertheless | 空格與前文意思相反 |
| 因果 | because, therefore, thus, consequently, hence | 空格是前文的結果或原因 |
| 遞進 | moreover, furthermore, additionally, indeed | 空格延續前文方向 |
| 定義 | that is, in other words, which means | 空格被直接定義 |
| 舉例 | for example, for instance, such as | 空格透過例子說明 |
Section 2：Sentence Equivalence (SE) Format
2.1 題目結構
- 一個句子，一個空格
- 六個選項，選出兩個正確答案
- 兩個答案必須產生意思相近的句子
2.2 關鍵規則
- 兩個字各自代入後，整句意思要相近；字典上列成近義詞，只能當作初步線索
- 兩個答案都要符合文法和上下文，不能只配成一對就停
- 必須選到兩個正確答案，只選對一個不計分
2.3 答題流程
Step 1: 讀句意，預測空格含義
Step 2: 從六個選項中先找一對近義詞
Step 3: 將這對近義詞分別代入驗證
Step 4: 如果都通順，就是答案
Step 5: 如果不通順，找另一對近義詞
Section 3：Strategy：Find Clues, Predict, Then Check
3.1 核心策略：先預測，再看選項
先看選項容易讓每個字都像有道理。可以先把選項遮住，像 TC-1 那樣從後半句抓出「避免表態」的意思，再去比對。代入仍然要做，只是留到最後驗證，確認整句沒有改變原本的方向。
3.2 預測練習
範例： Despite the professor's reputation for being _____, her explanations were surprisingly easy for beginners to understand.
Despite 引出和預期不同的結果。實際的解釋連初學者都容易懂，原先的名聲就應該朝「難懂」的方向找。
- 先預測：表達不清楚、讓人難以理解。
- 選項：(A) lucid (B) opaque (C) enthralling (D) tedious (E) succinct
- 答案：(B) opaque，難懂的。
lucid 本身就是清楚易懂，接不出轉折。tedious 是枯燥乏味，但枯燥的說明也可能容易懂；本句只給理解難度的線索，不能自行補上「無聊」的評價。
3.3 多空格策略
多空格不必從第一格照順序硬填。TC-8 最後的 failing to acknowledge the leader's significant flaws，直接說出評價太寬容，第三格就比較有把握。先確定這格，再往前查語氣與研究的評價，最後把三格一起代入，確認 praised 和 criticized 各自在稱讚、批評什麼。
Section 4：Practice Questions
Text Completion (TC)：10 Questions
TC-1 (One Blank): The diplomat's speech was deliberately _____, designed to avoid committing to any specific position while appearing thoughtful.
(A) lucid (B) equivocal (C) hostile (D) concise (E) passionate
TC-2 (One Blank): The discovery of the ancient manuscript was _____ to historians, who had long believed that all records from that period had been destroyed.
(A) redundant (B) detrimental (C) superfluous (D) revelatory (E) irrelevant
TC-3 (One Blank): Although the novel's plot was _____, its prose was so masterful that critics praised it as a work of genius.
(A) pedestrian (B) riveting (C) original (D) coherent (E) suspenseful
TC-4 (Two Blanks): The CEO's plan to restructure the company was (i) _____ by the board, who argued that the proposed changes would (ii) _____ rather than solve the company's problems.
Blank (i): (A) embraced (B) rebuffed (C) overlooked
Blank (ii): (D) exacerbate (E) illuminate (F) simplify
TC-5 (Two Blanks): The artist's latest exhibition reveals a striking (i) _____ from her earlier work: while her previous paintings were characterized by restraint and subtlety, these new works are (ii) _____ in their use of color and form.
Blank (i): (A) continuation (B) departure (C) improvement
Blank (ii): (D) restrained (E) bold (F) cautious
TC-6 (Two Blanks): The scientist's findings, far from being (i) _____, were actually quite (ii) _____; they challenged fundamental assumptions that had dominated the field for decades.
Blank (i): (A) controversial (B) predictable (C) revolutionary
Blank (ii): (D) mundane (E) subversive (F) conventional
TC-7 (Two Blanks): The author's writing style is so (i) _____ that readers often find themselves needing to reread passages multiple times; however, those who persevere are rewarded with insights of remarkable (ii) _____.
Blank (i): (A) accessible (B) opaque (C) engaging
Blank (ii): (D) superficiality (E) brevity (F) profundity
TC-8 (Three Blanks): The historian's biography of the controversial leader was praised for its (i) _____ research but criticized for its (ii) _____ tone; some reviewers felt that the author was too (iii) _____ in her assessment, failing to acknowledge the leader's significant flaws.
Blank (i): (A) exhaustive (B) superficial (C) biased
Blank (ii): (D) harsh (E) objective (F) laudatory
Blank (iii): (G) lenient (H) critical (I) indifferent
TC-9 (Three Blanks): Despite its (i) _____ beginnings as a small startup operating out of a garage, the company grew to become a (ii) _____ force in the industry, demonstrating that innovation can (iii) _____ limited resources.
Blank (i): (A) illustrious (B) humble (C) prosperous
Blank (ii): (D) negligible (E) dominant (F) marginal
Blank (iii): (G) be hindered by (H) be independent of (I) triumph over
TC-10 (Three Blanks): The philosopher's argument, though (i) _____ in its logical structure, was ultimately unconvincing because it relied on a (ii) _____ that most contemporary scholars had already (iii) _____.
Blank (i): (A) flawed (B) impeccable (C) simple
Blank (ii): (D) proven theory (E) dubious premise (F) compelling narrative
Blank (iii): (G) embraced (H) disproved (I) ignored
Sentence Equivalence (SE)：10 Questions
SE-1: The politician's response to the scandal was entirely _____, offering no meaningful explanation or apology.
(A) forthcoming (B) evasive (C) transparent (D) equivocal (E) detailed (F) sincere
SE-2: The museum's new wing was designed to be _____, with spacious galleries and abundant natural light creating an atmosphere of openness.
(A) cramped (B) austere (C) expansive (D) cavernous (E) cluttered (F) ornate
SE-3: Despite years of research, the cause of the disease remains _____; scientists have been unable to identify any definitive trigger.
(A) elusive (B) obvious (C) obscure (D) contagious (E) benign (F) preventable
SE-4: The professor's criticism was so _____ that several students left the classroom in tears.
(A) constructive (B) withering (C) encouraging (D) devastating (E) gentle (F) insightful
SE-5: The author's latest novel is a _____ work, spanning over 800 pages and covering three generations of a family.
(A) modest (B) monumental (C) trifling (D) epic (E) concise (F) superficial
SE-6: The company's profits have _____ dramatically since the new management team took over, declining by nearly 60 percent.
(A) surged (B) dwindled (C) fluctuated (D) plummeted (E) stabilized (F) accumulated
SE-7: The scientist's explanation was so _____ that even audience members with no background in physics could understand the basic concepts.
(A) obscure (B) lucid (C) convoluted (D) opaque (E) perspicuous (F) technical
SE-8: The region's _____ climate, with temperatures rarely exceeding 20 degrees Celsius, makes it unsuitable for growing most tropical crops.
(A) temperate (B) tropical (C) frigid (D) moderate (E) arid (F) volatile
SE-9: The diplomat handled the crisis with remarkable _____, carefully avoiding any statement that might escalate the conflict.
(A) belligerence (B) tact (C) recklessness (D) diplomacy (E) aggression (F) enthusiasm
SE-10: The artist's early work was largely _____, showing little of the genius that would later make her famous.
(A) unremarkable (B) brilliant (C) pedestrian (D) innovative (E) autobiographical (F) revolutionary
Answer Key
Text Completion
TC-1: (B) equivocal 後半句明說外交官要避免承諾任何立場，因此 equivocal（模稜兩可的）符合刻意保留的語氣。lucid 是清楚，hostile 是敵對，concise 是簡潔，passionate 是熱情；就算演說也可能簡潔或熱情，題幹支持的仍是「不明確表態」。
TC-2: (D) revelatory 歷史學家原以為那個時期的紀錄全毀了，現在手稿出現，帶來原先不知道的資訊，所以選 revelatory。redundant 和 superfluous 都偏向多餘，detrimental 是有害，irrelevant 是不相關，沒有對上這項發現的作用。
TC-3: (A) pedestrian Although 讓情節與文筆形成對照：文筆精湛到獲得讚賞，情節卻普通，所以填 pedestrian。這裡是形容作品平凡，不是字典裡「行人」的名詞用法。
TC-4: (B) rebuffed / (D) exacerbate 先從 rather than solve 看第二格：董事會認為改革會讓問題更糟，exacerbate（惡化）最合適。再回第一格，持這個看法的董事會應是 rebuffed（拒絕）計畫。embraced 是接受，overlooked 是忽略；illuminate 和 simplify 則是闡明、簡化，都接不上這個反對理由。
TC-5: (B) departure / (E) bold 前作是 restraint and subtlety（克制、含蓄），新作的色彩與形式就要有不同方向，第二格選 bold（大膽的）。第一格 departure 指偏離原本風格，和後面的 while 對照接得上；不是在替作品評分說它一定進步了。
TC-6: (B) predictable / (E) subversive 最後一句說研究挑戰了長期主導這個領域的基本假設，所以第二格填 subversive（顛覆性的）。far from 是「遠非、毫不」，前面的 predictable 正好被否定。它沒有說研究原先「表面看起來可預測」，只是直接否定這個評價。
TC-7: (B) opaque / (F) profundity 讀者得反覆重讀，支持 opaque（難懂的）；however 之後又說堅持讀下去會有所收穫，因此 profundity（深度）符合後半的正面評價。這裡稱讚的是內容深刻，沒有說難懂本身就是優點。
TC-8: (A) exhaustive / (F) laudatory / (G) lenient 先看 failing to acknowledge the leader's significant flaws：傳記沒正視領導者的缺點，因此評價太 lenient（寬容），語氣太 laudatory（讚美）。研究本身卻獲得肯定，第一格填 exhaustive（詳盡的）。三格要保留「研究受讚賞，評價受批評」這個分別。
TC-9: (B) humble / (E) dominant / (I) triumph over small startup operating out of a garage 描述起步時規模有限，對應 humble；後來成為產業裡有影響力的力量，對應 dominant。第三格 triumph over limited resources 就是克服資源限制，把前後變化接起來。
TC-10: (B) impeccable / (E) dubious premise / (H) disproved though 先承認形式上的優點，第一格選 impeccable（無懈可擊的）；後面卻說論證不令人信服。原因在於 dubious premise（可疑的前提）已被學者 disproved（駁斥）。結構安排得好，和前提是否可靠，是這題分開處理的兩件事。
Sentence Equivalence
SE-1: (B) evasive / (D) equivocal offering no meaningful explanation or apology 顯示回應沒有直接面對問題。evasive 偏「迴避」，equivocal 偏「模稜兩可」，在本句都能表達不明確回應。兩字不必在每個情境都能互換，這裡要核對的是代入後的整句意思。
SE-2: (C) expansive / (D) cavernous spacious galleries 和 openness 都指向空間寬廣，expansive 和 cavernous 放進來都能接上。cavernous 帶有像洞穴般寬大的感覺，並不是說展館真的在洞穴裡。
SE-3: (A) elusive / (C) obscure 分號後說科學家無法找出確切的觸發原因，所以 elusive（難以捉摸）和 obscure（不清楚）都指向原因尚未釐清。contagious、benign、preventable 描述疾病的傳染性、良性或可預防性，沒有回答原因是否已知。
SE-4: (B) withering / (D) devastating 學生聽完批評哭著離開，支持 withering 的嚴厲和 devastating 的強烈打擊。devastating 在這裡描述批評造成的感受，不是說教室受到物理破壞。
SE-5: (B) monumental / (D) epic 超過 800 頁、橫跨家族三代，支持作品規模龐大的意思，monumental 和 epic 都能配上。這兩個細節支持的是篇幅與涵蓋範圍，不代表光靠頁數就能判定作品品質。
SE-6: (B) dwindled / (D) plummeted declining by nearly 60 percent 已給出下降方向和幅度，原答案選 dwindled 與 plummeted。dwindle 偏逐漸減少，plummet 偏急跌，兩字的速度感不同；本句用 dramatically 和後面的幅度讓兩者都指向大幅下降，別把它們記成任何情況下都完全同義。
SE-7: (B) lucid / (E) perspicuous even audience members with no background in physics could understand，連沒有物理背景的人也聽得懂，因此選 lucid 和 perspicuous，都是清晰易懂。其他像 obscure、convoluted、opaque 都往難懂的方向走，和結果相反。
SE-8: (A) temperate / (D) moderate 原答案配 temperate（溫和、溫帶的）與 moderate（溫和的），描述適中的氣候。題幹提到很少超過 20°C、又不適合多數熱帶作物；這能排查熱帶的方向，但光憑溫度上限不能精確判定氣候帶，仍要把詞義配對和整句一起看。
SE-9: (B) tact / (D) diplomacy carefully avoiding any statement that might escalate the conflict，意思是小心避免讓衝突升高。tact 是得體應對的分寸，diplomacy 在此指處理敏感事務的手腕，兩者都符合這種處理方式。
SE-10: (A) unremarkable / (C) pedestrian showing little of the genius 表示早期作品還看不出後來的才華，unremarkable 和 pedestrian 都能表達普通、不突出。brilliant、innovative、revolutionary 朝才華或創新突出那一側走；autobiographical 只說作品是否取材自作者生平，沒有和「普通」配成意思相近的一組。
TC/SE 核心字彙清單
下面把詞彙按語氣、程度與變化整理，方便回查。這是練習用的分類，不代表每個字在任何句子裡都固定帶同一種評價；例如 opaque 形容寫作難懂，是否帶批評仍要看作者怎麼用。
正向態度： lucid, perspicuous, astute, sagacious, erudite, exhaustive, meticulous
負向態度： equivocal, evasive, opaque, pedestrian, mediocre, superficial, specious
程度-強： devastating, withering, monumental, paramount, ubiquitous, unprecedented
程度-弱： modest, marginal, negligible, trifling, perfunctory, cursory
轉變： departure, shift, transformation, metamorphosis, paradigm shift
複習時先挑 SE-7，把解答遮住，只看「沒有物理背景的人也懂」這個線索，試著說出空格的意思，再找兩個能代入的字。若只認得其中一個，就把另一個連同這個語境記下來，比單背一串「正向詞」更容易檢查自己懂到哪裡。
